Ingredients Glossary

A naturally occurring tripeptide found in every cell of the body. In skincare, it inhibits the enzyme tyrosinase which drives melanin production, leading to a visibly brighter, more even complexion over time. Also neutralises free radicals that cause oxidative skin damage.

Safety note: Safe for all skin types including sensitive skin.

One of the most well-researched skincare ingredients available. Niacinamide strengthens the skin barrier, reduces pore appearance, controls excess sebum, fades post-acne marks, and evens out pigmentation. Works synergistically with most other actives.

Safety note: Suitable for all skin types. Non-irritating even at 10% concentration.

Derived from fungi during the fermentation of sake, soy sauce, and rice wine. Kojic acid inhibits melanin synthesis by blocking tyrosinase, making it an effective treatment for hyperpigmentation, melasma, and sun damage — particularly on Indian skin tones.

Safety note: Use SPF during the day. Patch test recommended for sensitive skin.

A stable, gentle derivative of hydroquinone found naturally in bearberry plants. Alpha arbutin slowly releases hydroquinone at the skin surface, inhibiting melanin without the irritation of direct hydroquinone. Ideal for correcting dark spots and uneven tone on all skin types.

Safety note: One of the safest brightening ingredients. Suitable for all skin tones and types.

A beta-hydroxy acid derived from willow bark. Unlike AHAs, salicylic acid is oil-soluble, allowing it to penetrate deep inside pores to dissolve sebum and dead skin cell buildup. Essential for fighting acne, blackheads, and body breakouts.

Safety note: Start with 2-3x per week. Avoid during pregnancy. Use SPF.

Extracted from the leaves of Melaleuca alternifolia, tea tree oil has powerful natural antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. It targets acne-causing bacteria (P. acnes) without stripping the skin, making it ideal for body and face breakouts.

Safety note: Do not use undiluted. Patch test recommended.

Lipid molecules that make up over 50% of the skin's natural barrier. Ceramide levels decline with age and environmental damage, leading to dryness, sensitivity, and irritation. Replenishing ceramides restores the barrier, locking in moisture and keeping irritants out.

Safety note: Extremely gentle. Suitable for sensitive, dry, and compromised skin.

A salt form of zinc and pyrrolidone carboxylic acid (PCA, a natural moisturising factor). Zinc PCA regulates sebaceous gland activity to reduce excess oil production while maintaining skin hydration. Works synergistically with niacinamide for visible pore control.

Safety note: Non-comedogenic. Ideal for oily and combination skin types.

Ascorbic acid is the most potent, research-backed form of Vitamin C in skincare. It inhibits melanin synthesis, neutralises free radicals from UV and pollution, and boosts collagen production — delivering brighter, firmer, and more even skin over time. Works synergistically with glutathione and kojic acid for amplified brightening.

Safety note: Stable in rinse-off formats. Use SPF during the day to protect results.

Tocopherol is the most bioavailable form of Vitamin E — a fat-soluble antioxidant that protects cell membranes from oxidative damage caused by UV, pollution, and free radicals. In skincare, it works as a skin-conditioning agent that softens, soothes, and strengthens the barrier while enhancing the stability and efficacy of Vitamin C.

Safety note: Extremely well-tolerated. Suitable for all skin types including sensitive and dry skin.

A naturally occurring molecule in the body capable of holding up to 1,000 times its weight in water. In skincare, hyaluronic acid draws moisture from the environment into the skin, delivering immediate plumpness and long-lasting hydration without adding oiliness. Suitable for all skin types, including oily and acne-prone.

Safety note: One of the safest skincare ingredients. Non-comedogenic and non-irritating for all skin types.

Derived from the inner leaf gel of Aloe barbadensis, aloe vera contains over 75 active compounds including polysaccharides, enzymes, vitamins, and minerals. In skincare, it provides immediate soothing relief for irritated or inflamed skin, helps restore moisture, and delivers gentle antimicrobial properties — making it ideal for acne-prone and sensitive skin.

Safety note: Suitable for all skin types including sensitive and acne-prone. Patch test recommended for latex allergy.

Panthenol is the alcohol form of pantothenic acid (Vitamin B5) and a provitamin that converts to Vitamin B5 in the skin. It is both a humectant (draws moisture in) and an emollient (seals moisture in), making it highly effective for hydration. Panthenol also has documented wound-healing and anti-inflammatory properties that support skin barrier repair.

Safety note: Highly biocompatible. Suitable for all skin types including sensitive, inflamed, and barrier-compromised skin.

SPF 50 blocks approximately 98% of UVB rays (which cause burning), while PA+++ indicates high UVA protection (which causes ageing and pigmentation). Crucial for any brightening routine — UV exposure can reverse the effects of brightening actives.

Safety note: Safe for daily use. Reapply every 2–3 hours in direct sunlight.